Ambient CO₂ sits around 400 PPM. Most indoor growers supplement between 1000 and 1500 PPM during the lights-on period to maximize photosynthesis. Some advanced growers push to 1500 to 2000 PPM, though returns diminish beyond that range, and temperature and humidity management become more demanding. The Garden Controls and Grozone USCO2 cover the most common target ranges; the Grozone SCO2, CO2R, and CO2D extend to 5000 PPM for specialized applications.